Screws, nuts and fasteners  

Bolts, Nuts, and Fasteners are the fundamental components that hold machines, structures, and products together. Choosing the right fastener depends on the mechanical load, environmental conditions, and the materials being joined. 1. Bolts and Screws While often used interchangeably, there is a technical distinction: Bolts typically pass through a hole and are secured by a nut, while Screws are driven directly into a material or a threaded hole. Hex Bolts: The standard for construction and mechanical assembly, featuring a hexagonal head for wrench tightening. Machine Screws: Finer-threaded screws used in electronics, appliances, and precision machinery. Wood Screws: Designed with a pointed tip and coarse threads to grip wood fibers effectively. Self-Tapping / Self-Drilling Screws: These can create their own hole as they are driven into metal or plastic, eliminating the need for pre-drilling. 2. Nuts A nut works in tandem with a bolt to create a "clamped" joint. Hex Nuts: The most common variety for general-purpose fastening. Nyloc (Lock) Nuts: Features a nylon insert that grips the bolt threads to prevent loosening caused by vibration. Wing Nuts: Designed with "wings" so they can be tightened or loosened by hand without tools. Acorn (Cap) Nuts: Features a domed top to cover the end of the bolt for safety and a finished aesthetic. 3. Washers Washers are placed between the fastener and the surface to protect the material and distribute the load. Flat Washers: Used to increase the surface area and prevent the bolt head or nut from damaging the part. Spring (Lock) Washers: Acts like a spring to maintain tension and prevent the assembly from vibrating loose.